杜邦Teflon（特富龙）防泼水处理详解

一帘幽梦

杜邦Teflon（特富龙）防泼水处理详解：


　　杜邦Teflon（特富龙），对这个名词相信户外圈的朋友都不陌生了，杜邦Teflon的应用范围很广泛，在这里主要谈谈我们经常接触到的所谓“Teflon防泼水”处理，大家都看到了在许多的户外服装、睡袋等产品说明上都会有类似“表面杜邦Teflon处理”等字样，并在产品上附有Teflon吊牌（见图），这个吊牌就说明了这些产品面料采用了美国杜邦公司Teflon整理剂进行了防泼水（三防）处理，这个吊牌由杜邦公司授权并提供，用以验明正身。那么特富龙是怎么才能够达到一定的防水效能呢？服装面料的特富龙处理又是怎么一个过程呢？今天就根据自己收集的一些资料和在纺织染整企业了解到的一些关于杜邦Teflon整理方面的知识向大家做个简单的介绍。

　　首先我们来简单了解一下特富龙，特富龙是由美国杜邦公司研发的一种化学制剂，是一种碳氢树脂，其中含有机氟物质，其化学性能较稳定，耐高、低温性能较强，目前在纺织行业主要用于面料的所谓“三防”整理（防水、防油、防污）。

　　Teflon处理的防水原理就是，经过Teflon整理剂制备整理的纺织物具备了较低的表面能，由于物质低表面能具有不沾性特征，使得低表面能的面料就具备了上述的“三防”的特性和效能。Teflon正是利用了材料中的含氟活性剂（有机氟织物整理剂的生产过程需要用到目前正受到安全质疑还未有定论的全氟辛酸铵，这是一种表面活性剂，鉴于户外装备的使用环境，我们大家大可不必有什么恐慌了）成分去降低纺织物的表面能，使得面料达到一定的防水功能。至于复杂的表面能理论就让它打的去吧，咱们就不去探讨了。

　　大家所熟知的帐篷硅涂布防水处理也是利用了有机硅材料来降低面料表面能达到拒水的效果，还有一些朋友使用的用于保养服装和鞋品的拨水剂也是这个原理。

　　经过Teflon整理的面料并不具备永久性的防泼水，而是随着洗涤次数的增加而逐步失去所谓的“三防”效果，据了解，一般在洗涤4次以后“三防”效果就会出现一些降低，这是因为面料经过水浸泡和搓洗后 ， 所含有的Teflon成分会逐步的流失，加上自然界中微生物的作用，会使面料表面的拒水基团分子重新排列，使面料表面能会逐步上升， 面料表面能提高了，“三防”效果就下降了，面料就失去所谓的“三防”效能了。这些特性就告诉我们，对经过防泼水处理的面料尽量不要采取浸泡和搓洗的清洁方式。

　　Teflon是美国杜邦公司的注册商标，目前在国内染整企业购买采用Teflon整理剂对织物进行“三防”整理需经过杜邦公司授权，产品经检测合格后发给专门Teflon标识吊牌，根据出口国家和地区的不同一般有四国文字吊牌和六国文字吊牌两种。据我亲眼所见和了解，Teflon“三防”整理流程和工艺并不复杂，经过前期整理、浸轧、烘干三个主要后整理工序，面料的Teflon整理费用在一件服装市售价格中所占的比重可以说是很低的。

　　对Teflon防泼水整理就介绍这么多，出于牵扯到染整行业与企业的商业运作，其他的就不多说了，目的在于使大家对面料Teflon处理有个大致的了解和认识，仅供参考，如有更好的意见，请跟帖！


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以下为简要英文翻译：

DuPont Teflon (Teflon), the term outdoor circle of friends that are not unfamiliar, DuPont Teflon very broad scope of application, where we often talk about the main access to the so-called "Teflon Fangpo Shui" with everyone Seen in many outdoor clothing, sleeping bags and other products will be on a similar note, "DuPont Teflon surface treatment" and other words, and products with Teflon tag (see figure), this tag on the provision of these products use fabrics DuPont Teflon of the U.S. agent had Fangpo Shui (3-) handling of this tag authorized by the DuPont Company and to provide for Yanmingzhengshen. Teflon is then how can we reach a certain performance is waterproof » Fabric Teflon treatment is how a process it » Today, under its own collection of some of the information in the textile and dyeing enterprises understand that some of DuPont Teflon finishing on the knowledge to you to be a brief introduction.

First of all we have to understand the simple Teflon, Teflon is a DuPont research and development by the United States of a chemical agent, is a hydrocarbon resin, which contains fluoride material for its chemical properties more stable, high resistance, low temperature performance than Strong, and in the textile industry mainly used for fabric of the so-called "three defenses" processing (waterproof, anti-oil pollution).

Teflon is the principle of dealing with the water, after Teflon finish preparation of the textile finishing with a low surface energy, due to low surface material can not become a feature, making low surface energy on the fabric with the above-mentioned "three defenses" The features and performance. Teflon is the use of the material contained in the active agent (Organic Fluorine finishing needs of the production process is now used by the security challenge still an open question of PFOA, which is a surfactant, in view of the outdoor equipment The use of the environment, we need not fear what is a) components to reduce the surface energy of the textile, fabrics made of waterproof up to a certain function. As for the complex theory on the surface so that it can play Go, Let's not to look at the.

Members of the well-known silicon coated waterproof tents are also dealing with the use of silicone materials to reduce the fabric to achieve the surface water repellent effect, there are some of my friends use for maintenance of clothing and shoes is also the agent for this principle.

After finishing the Teflon fabric does not have a permanent Fangpo Shui, but washing with the increase in the number gradually lose the so-called "three defenses" effect, we understand, usually in the washing four times after the "three defenses" there will be results Some lower, it is because the fabric and Cuoxi water immersion, which contains the components will be gradually Teflon the loss, coupled with the natural world in the role of micro-organisms, the surface of the fabric will resist water molecules rearrange groups so that the fabric surface can be Gradually increasing, can enhance the fabric surface, "three defenses" effect on the decline, the fabric will lose the so-called "three defenses" of the performance. These features tell us that after Fangpo Shui handling of the fabric as much as possible not to take immersion and Cuoxi way to clean.

U.S. company DuPont Teflon is a registered trademark, dyeing and finishing in the domestic enterprises to purchase a Teflon finish on the fabric "three defenses" After finishing the DuPont company to be authorized, after passing the products tested to the special Teflon logo tag, according to the country of export And in general there are four different tag for the six countries and two text tag. I personally see and understand, Teflon "three defenses" finishing processes and technology is not complicated, after finishing early, padding, drying three main finishing processes, and the Teflon fabric finishing in the cost of a garment prices in the market The proportion of that is very low.

Fang Poshui finishing on the Teflon on so many, for dyeing and finishing industries involved with the operation of commercial enterprises, the other not to say the purpose is to enable everyone to have a deal with Teflon Fabric broad knowledge and understanding, for reference purposes only If a better suggestion, please thread!