做大做强中国氟化产业

氟塑爱好者

Fluorite is considered by many developed countries as an important strategic materials for the reserves of mineral resources, such Fluorite Mine in the city very rich reserves accounted for 80 percent of Hunan Province, 40 percent of the country, but so far still in the city Most low-end sales of raw materials, resources rough output of the unfavorable situation, fluorite as the basic raw materials to the fluorine chemical industry has not really started……

Fluorinated industrial raw materials fluorite mine in Chenzhou 40 percent of the nation's reserves

Fu Chenzhou City in the world to make love, not just this piece of hot land for beautiful scenery, rich resources to more Wenmingquanguo. As a resource the city, Hunan's Chenzhou is the major coal production base, and graphite, lead-zinc mine, tungsten ore and other non-ferrous metal ore reserves is to Chenzhou named "China Nonferrous Metals town" reputation.

But little known is, apart from coal and nonferrous metals, there is a Chenzhou ore reserves accounted for 80 percent of Hunan Province, the country's 40 percent, which is fluorite. Fluorite Mine associated more with non-ferrous metals, few years ago, this was also Chenzhou most mining ore processing enterprises as "no industrial use value" and as a tailings disposal. In recent years, with the relevant departments and enterprises of Chenzhou fluorite resources for further exploration and study, people with fluorite and fluoride for industrial raw materials has acquired a deeper understanding, some fluorite mining and rough start in business Chen emerged in the city, now has more than 10 homes. In early 2008 at the Second Session of the CPPCC three, the City Federation of Industry and Commerce "on the fluorite resources give full play to advantages and strive to promote the city fluorinated industrial development," the proposal from all parties attach great importance to be set for the meeting CPPCC session on the 1st proposal. Soon, rational use of fluorite resources, support leading enterprises, Chenzhou outlined the future development of fluoride industry leaders at all levels and models are relevant functional departments put on the agenda.

Fluorite, also known as the F-is the highest volume of natural fluoride mineral. It widely used in metallurgy, Lianlv, glass, ceramics, cement, chemical industry. Fluorite is fluorine chemical industry's basic raw materials, its products are widely used in aerospace, aviation, refrigeration, medicine, pesticides, anti-corrosion, fire fighting, electronics, electrical, mechanical and nuclear energy, and other fields. Rocket fuel, laser, atomic energy manufacturing industry and the medical people on the blood, artificial heart valves and bone can not be separated from maintenance fluorite. With the technology and the continuous development of the national economy, fluorite has become important in the modern industrial mineral raw materials, many developed countries regarded it as an important strategic materials for the reserves. China fluorite rich in resources, resource reserves, production and export of both the first in the world.

Fluorite-based raw materials to develop the fluorine chemical industry is an emerging industry, chemical products with fluoride-resistant chemicals, high and low temperature resistance, anti-aging, low-friction, insulation, and other excellent performance and widely used in industry, chemical industry, machinery , And other fields, has become the fastest growing in the chemical industry, the most promising one of the industry. China has fluoride industry as a major leading role of the pilot, strategic industries, included in the key state to encourage the development of high-tech industries.

In China, fluorite is a major production base in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui provinces, for many years to reduce the increasing exploitation of making Rich Ore, and lean ore was not fully utilized, from 1996 to 2006, China's output has been fluorite With an annual output of 4.8 million tons to 2.8 million tons lower. And the four provincial increasingly depleted resources compared to Chenzhou or one of the country have not yet developed fluorite virgin territory. The city currently has proven reserves of fluorite in more than 122.36 million tons. Rich Ore fluorite resources in other areas less than 40 million tons, according to the domestic market every year nearly 3 million tons demand projections, can only meet 10 supply, the supply and demand contradictions have become increasingly prominent in the city to a certain extent, development and utilization of resources provided fluorite Enormous business opportunities and broad prospects. Chenzhou from 106,107 in the Road, Jing-Guang Railroad Pipeline, the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, the district 44 special railway lines Construction of the convenient and efficient transport and logistics network, but also for the Chenzhou fluorite mining and the development of fluorine chemical industry provides a good Conditions.

Starting in Chenzhou fluorine chemical industry faces many difficulties

And very proud of fluorite not commensurate with the reserves, Chenzhou large and small mining companies more than 10 home fluorite current annual production of fluorite concentrate only 120,000 tons. From the industrial point of view, the city of fluorine chemical industry has not really started, the fluorite fluorine chemical industry and the corresponding basic research and applied research or blank.

Urban investment cooperation, a material that in 2007, investment in Shenzhen, the fourth-contact, the fifth "Red Triangle" of trade talks, Dongguan to undertake industrial promotion and transfer of the Ministry of Commerce held in 2008 Multinational corporations, such as a series of activities, the China Merchants in the city of fluorite resources made a strong publicity and promotion, intended to introduce some of the more mature enterprises fluoride, but the effectiveness of investment is not obvious. An industry veteran of the China Merchants sentence Daopo difficult to somebody - Chenzhou the fluorite mining, quality will not do, did not boost output to fluorite powder for raw materials from fluoride enterprises to invest and build factories will not be hasty .

氟塑爱好者

High fluoride content of industrial technology, the Chenzhou fluorite mining enterprises not yet have the capacity to carry out deep processing of fluorite, fluorite powder sold only to the province of Al Gordon, Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi and other places. In the whole industry chain, which in most low-end sales of raw materials due to no value-added products and lack of access to good economic returns, if local enterprises lack long-term digestion of raw materials, production capacity of fluoride products, Chenzhou resources will be a rough negative output Situation, the final will also be brought about by the loss of resource-rich advantages. Strengthen fluorite - fluoride chemical basic research and applied research, to build enterprises as the mainstay of technological innovation research system, a pendulum in Chenzhou enterprises before the primary topic. In response, the idea of Chenzhou is the introduction of professional and technical personnel, and the Central South University, and other authoritative scientific research institutes, production and research follow with, fixed-point transmission train professionals for enterprises. If this idea can be implemented, I believe that in the near future, will break the Chenzhou fluorite enterprise technological bottlenecks, and from raw material sales to high value-added product sales fluoride system of strategic leap, really fluorite "Dianshichengjin . "

In addition to technical factors, fluorine chemical production and environmental protection and the safe operation of pressure than other industries. Fluorine chemical production with high corrosion, chemical and biological wastewater difficult, monomer explosive, if fluorine chemical production of small scale enterprises, technology rough, the scattered layout and very easily lead to serious environmental pollution, security risks are also difficult to control. To overcome this difficulty, in addition to industrial enterprises to greatly enhance their skills, building away from the urban areas adjacent to major transport route but the fluorinated industrial park it is particularly important.

Twenty years later, fluorine chemical industry output value of 10 billion, or could become a pillar industry

Registered capital reached 100 million yuan in Hunan have cast 000 Industrial Company堪称Chenzhou fluorite processing enterprises in the mining leaders, the only first half of this year, the company achieved sales income of 260 million yuan, 17.82 million yuan of taxes and fees to pay, under the Xinyuan Mining mainly engaged in the fluorite-election, another subordinate enterprises are mainly Hongyuan chemical processing of fluorite powder. Yizhang County, in the Whitehead Duzhen, casting a million of fluoride Industries plant has a prototype, the company invested over 9,000 million this year building fluorite Kuangcai Xuan system, the system completed, will enable the city fluorite powder Annual output reached 250,000 tons. In order to increase value-added products, casting a million Industries is making preparations for building an annual 120,000 tons of aluminum fluoride production lines, which have become city planning fluorine chemical industry park opportunities.

Fluoride in the city's chemical industry in the development of ideas, foster a similar cast of 000 leading enterprises with strength has become a consensus. But for those Chenzhou fluorite industry pioneers, in the face of the EIA, the industrial land for permission to obtain mining rights, and optimize the transport network, electricity and water protection, capital loans, technical personnel, such as the introduction of many problems, even if there are Government strongly supports, the development and growth and wants to become the core of the development of the entire industry, leading enterprises are still a long way to go.

Chenzhou fluorite resource-rich but low-fluoride industry starting point, in this reality conditions, a low starting point, low value-added raw materials for export model, or a high starting point, leap-forward development » This choice is bound to affect the whole industry of the future direction and positioning. Fluoride domestic enterprises to invest in technology development inadequate, technology development, the proportion of staff is too small, some companies do not even have technical staff is only temporary-spot guidance to some experts, which makes the whole industrial chain, the raw materials of domestic enterprises in and around the low-end products In the highly competitive, but in high value-added processing and depth of technical requirements for high product areas, basically occupied by foreign enterprises. Chenzhou to the fluorite resources advantages into economic advantages and industrial advantages, we must fully consider the integrity of industries, efforts to extend the industrial chain, and strive to develop high added value fluorinated products. Fluoride reference to other domestic enterprises venture the success or failure on the road, seize, the strategic high ground of high-end products, and maximize the economic benefits of mineral fluorite, is Chenzhou fluoride industry grasp the historical opportunity, Houlaijushang the key.

Chenzhou in a fluorite resources on the development and the development of fluorine chemical industry reports on the situation in the City Economic Commission rough outline of the development of fluorine chemical industry, as envisaged in this vision, 2010, with 000 casting a dry aluminum fluoride Industries Shizhuyuan fluorite projects and open use of project development, and strive to city fluorine chemical industry output value of 20 billion yuan by the year 2015, through an extension of the industrial chain, the development of related industries, and strive to make the fluorine chemical industry of 10 billion yuan Pillar industries. This encouraging development planning once again that fluoride in the industrial development of Chenzhou promising, but in 20 years the idea into reality, so that a high-tech industry from scratch, from weak to strong, we still have a long way To go.

氟塑爱好者

　　萤石是被许多发达国家作为一种重要战略物资进行储备的矿产资源，这种萤石矿在我市非常丰富，储量占到了湖南省的80%、全国的40%，然而至今我市仍处于最低端的原材料销售、资源粗加工输出的不利局面，以萤石为基本原料的氟化工产业还没有真正起步……

　　氟化工业原材料萤石矿郴州占全国储量40%

　　福城郴州尽得天地厚爱，这片热土不仅风景秀丽，更以丰富的资源闻名全国。作为资源大市，郴州是湖南主要的产煤基地，而石墨、铅锌矿、钨矿等有色金属矿的储量更是让郴州荣膺“中国有色金属之乡”的美誉。

　　然而鲜为人知的是，除了煤和有色金属，郴州还有一种矿石的储量占到了湖南省的80%，全国的40%，这就是萤石。萤石多与有色金属矿伴生，早几年，这种矿石还被郴州大多数采选矿企业认定为“没有工业利用价值”而当作尾矿废弃处理。近年来，随着有关部门和企业对郴州萤石资源的进一步勘探与研究，人们对萤石以及以其为原材料的氟化工业的认识也日益加深，一些萤石开采和粗加工的企业开始在郴城涌现，目前已达十余家。2008年初召开的市政协三届二次会议上，市工商联提出的《关于充分发挥萤石资源优势，着力推动我市氟化工业产业发展》的提案引起各方高度重视，被定为该次政协会议1号提案。很快，合理利用萤石资源、扶植龙头企业、勾勒郴州未来氟化产业发展模型被各级领导和相关职能部门提上了议事日程。

　　萤石，又称氟石，是自然界含氟量最高的矿物。它广泛应用于冶金、炼铝、玻璃、陶瓷、水泥、化学工业。萤石又是氟化学工业的基本原料，其产品广泛用于航天、航空、制冷、医药、农药、防腐、灭火、电子、电力、机械和原子能等领域。火箭推进燃料、激光、原子能制造工业以及医学上的人造血、人造心瓣膜和代用骨骼都离不开萤石。随着科技和国民经济的不断发展，萤石已成为现代工业中重要的矿物原料，许多发达国家把它作为一种重要的战略物资进行储备。中国萤石资源丰富，资源储量、生产量和出口量均居世界首位。

　　以萤石为基础原料发展起来的氟化工产业是一门新兴产业，氟化工产品以其耐化学品、耐高低温、耐老化、低摩擦、绝缘等优异性能而广泛应用于军工、化工、机械等领域，已成为化工行业中发展最快、最有前景的行业之一。我国已将氟化工业作为具有重大带动作用的先导性、战略性行业，列入国家重点鼓励发展的高新技术产业。

　　在我国，萤石的主要生产基地是江西、浙江、福建、安徽四省，多年开采使得富矿日趋减少，而贫矿又未被充分利用，从1996年至2006年，我国萤石产品产量已由年产480万吨降低为280万吨。与上述四省日渐枯竭的资源相比，郴州还是全国少有的尚未开发的萤石处女地。目前我市已探明的萤石储量在12236万吨以上。其他地区萤石富矿资源不到4000万吨，按国内市场每年需求近300万吨推算，只能满足10年供应量，日益突出的供求矛盾在一定程度上为我市开发利用萤石资源提供了巨大的商机和广阔的前景。郴州境内由106、107国道、京广铁路复线、京珠高速公路、区内44条铁路专用线构建的方便快捷的交通和物流网络，也为郴州萤石开采和氟化工产业的发展提供了良好的条件。

　　起步中的郴州氟化工产业面临诸多困难

　　与傲人的萤石储量极不相称的是，郴州大大小小十余家萤石开采企业目前的萤石精矿年产量只有12万吨。从产业角度看，我市的氟化工产业还没有真正起步，对萤石和氟化工产业相应的基础研究与应用研究还是空白。

　　市招商合作局的一份材料上显示，2007年，在深圳投资说明会、第四届珠洽会、第五届“红三角”经贸洽谈会、东莞承接产业转移推介会和2008年商务部举办的跨国公司年会等一系列活动中，市招商局对我市的萤石资源作了大力的宣传和推介，意图引进一些比较成熟的氟化企业，但招商成效并不明显。一位业内资深人士的一句话道破了招商难的玄机——郴州目前的萤石矿开采，品质不行，产量也没上去，以萤石精粉作原材料的氟化企业不会贸然过来投资建厂。

　　氟化工业科技含量高，目前郴州的萤石开采企业尚无能力对萤石进行深加工，只能把萤石精粉销往省内的湘铝、福建、广东、江西等地。在整个产业链中，这种位于最低端的原材料销售由于产品没有附加值而无法获得良好的经济效益，如果本土企业长期缺乏消化原材料、生产氟化制品的能力，郴州将陷入资源粗加工输出的不利局面，最后也将失去资源丰富所带来的优势。加强萤石-氟化工基础研究与应用研究，构建以企业为主体的技术创新研究体系，成为摆在郴州企业面前的首要课题。对此，郴州的思路是引进专业技术人才，与中南大学等权威科研院所合作，走产学研结合、定点培养为企业输送专业人才。如果这一设想能够得到落实，相信在不久的将来，必将打破郴州萤石企业的技术瓶颈，实现从原材料销售到高附加值的氟制产品销售的战略飞跃，真正把萤石“点石成金”。

　　除了技术因素，氟化工生产的环境保护和安全运行压力也较其他工业大。氟化工生产具有高腐蚀、废水难生化、单体易爆性，如果氟化工生产企业规模小、技术粗糙、布局分散，极容易产生严重的环境污染，安全风险也不易控制。要攻破这一难点，除了企业要大力提高工业技艺，构建远离市区但又毗邻重要交通干线的氟化工业园显得尤为重要。

　　二十年后，氟化工产业或可成为产值百亿的支柱产业

　　注册资金达到一亿元的湖南铸万有实业公司堪称郴州萤石开采加工企业中的翘楚，仅今年上半年，该公司就实现销售收入2.6亿元，缴纳税费1782万元，其下属的鑫源矿业主要从事萤石的采选，另一下属企业弘源化工则主要对萤石精粉进行加工。在宜章县的白石渡镇，铸万有实业的氟化厂房已具雏形，该公司今年投资9000多万元建设萤石矿采选系统，这一系统建成，将使我市萤石精粉年产量达到25万吨。为了提高产品附加值，铸万有实业正在筹备建设一条年产12万吨的氟化铝生产线，这也成为我市规划氟化工产业园的契机。

　　在我市氟化工产业的发展思路中，扶植类似铸万有实力的龙头企业已经成为共识。但对于这些郴州萤石产业的开拓者而言，面对着取得环评、争取工业用地许可、获取矿山开采权、优化交通网络、水电保障、资金借贷、技术人才引进等诸多问题，即使有政府大力支持，真要发展壮大并成为整个产业的发展核心，龙头企业仍然任重道远。

　　郴州萤石资源丰富但氟化工业起点低，在这一现实条件下，是以低起点、低附加值的原材料外销模式发展，还是高起点、跨越式发展？这一选择势必将影响整个产业未来的走向与定位。国内的氟化企业在技术开发方面投入不足，技术开发人员比重太小，有些企业甚至没有技术人员只是临时请一些专家现场指导，这使得在整个产业链条中，国内企业在靠近原材料的低端产品方面竞争激烈，但在附加值高、加工深度及技术要求高的产品领域中，基本上被国外企业占据。要把郴州的萤石资源优势转变为产业优势和经济优势，必须充分考虑产业的完整性、努力延伸产业链、力争发展高附加值氟化制品。参照国内其他氟化企业创业道路上的成败得失，抢占中、高端产品的战略制高点，实现萤石矿产经济效益最大化，是郴州氟化产业把握历史机遇、后来居上的关键。

　　在一份关于郴州萤石资源开发及氟化工产业发展的情况汇报中，市经委粗略勾勒了氟化工产业发展的设想，在这个设想里，2010年，随着铸万有实业干法氟化铝项目和柿竹园萤石开放利用项目的发展，力争我市氟化工产业产值达到20亿元；到2015年，通过产业链的延伸，发展相关产业，力争把氟化工产业做成100亿元的支柱产业。这个鼓舞人心的发展规划再次表明在郴州发展氟化工业大有可为，而要在二十年间把设想变成现实，让一个高科技产业从无到有、从弱到强，我们还有很长一段路要走。